2) This work was presented by Will Herrington @willkidney, @The_MRC @Kidney_Research UK funded AssocProf @Oxford_NDPH and representing the contributions of 241 participating sites from 8 countries ??. EMPA-KIDNEY was funded and sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim. pic.twitter.com/3NfK1f9NiK
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
4) #KIDNEYWEEK2022 was held in Orlando Nov 3-6 and was attended by some 10,000 #kidney professionals from across the globe. Scientific abstracts from the program can be accessed at ? https://t.co/g40IBftoc1. As has been the case for a couple years now, #SGLT2i was a ?️topic.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
6a) Which of the following mechanistic effects have been put forward to explain renoprotective effects of #SGLT2i?
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
a. decreased workload of proximal tubular cells
b. ⬆️ in intraglomerular pressure
c. body weight loss
d. a & c
7) We have known for a while now that it was stopped early for efficacy, but we needed details. @willkidney provided those details on 4 November in Orlando. A manuscript was simultaneously published in @NEJM at ?https://t.co/RYOmhIEo4b. pic.twitter.com/RH3aJrjX5y
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
9a) To be enrolled, background tx w/ #RASi as appropriate was required. Intervention then was 1:1 randomization to #empagliflozin 10mg QD or placebo. Sample size: event-driven towards min 1070 primary #outcomes, defined as composite of #CV death or #CKD progression
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
10)
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
?6609 patients were enrolled and were well-matched. Mean age ~ 64 years, 1/3 ♀️, 54% no #DM at baseline. Mean #eGFR=37, median urinary #ACR ~ 330mg/g.
?"Broad range" enrollment target met, as 31% of #CKD attributable to #DKD and 25% to #glomerular disease. pic.twitter.com/xgdTQJWHup
12a) Let's break down that #composite primary outcome into its components.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
?29% RRR for #CKD progression–this was the majority of the outcomes.
?CV death: numerically lower in the #empagliflozin group but NS pic.twitter.com/sWvzveBmXU
13a) There was of course great interest in subgroup analysis, especially about diabetes. (Hey, remember those quaint days of yore when we thought #SGLT2i were "just" #T2D drugs?) With respect to #CKD, non-diabetics have been underrepresented in previous trials.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
14) Looking at #SGLT2i impact by baseline renal function, @willkidney et al showed that there were 564 first primary outcomes in pts w/ #eGFR < 30, again providing robust new evidence in this less studied group.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
?Benefits were similar irrespective of baseline eGFR category. pic.twitter.com/xzLXch0Jlg
15b) This suggests that the effects of #SGLT2i on progression of #CKD are greater in pts with higher levels of #albuminuria. pic.twitter.com/MqwiOSQAoa
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
17) ?secondary outcomes: 14% fewer all-cause hosp with #SGLT2i, but no significant diff in #HHF, #CV death, or all-cause death.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
?Note low power for these comparisons, but point estimates are consistent with data from other #SGLT2i trials pic.twitter.com/FrorB0H6dg
18b) It’s c. #SGLT2i are very unlikely to cause significant hypoglycemia. Learn more about this from @edgarvlermamd's recent tweetorial, still available for ?CE/#CME, at https://t.co/Gc6V6j0KgL.
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
20) Authors' conclusions: pic.twitter.com/aF3B2dvyfl
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
22) Really, should any of us be surprised that Dr #Braunwald was right?
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
?https://t.co/U3NcUlvIdP pic.twitter.com/hnNqAp24BH
23) Now proceed to https://t.co/EsU0HK4xfe to collect your 0.5hr CE/#CME. Follow us for more congress updates & expert-led #cardiometabolic education!
— cardio-met (@cardiomet_CE) November 9, 2022
Special ? to @willkidney, @RichardHaynes3, & to all the #EMPA_KIDNEY investigators! More details on https://t.co/JeMvoJQB7T